my 1st crush

Gymnosperm(acrogymnospermae) Introduction Gymnosperm are advance plant. 'Gymnosperm' word come from a Greek word that mean(naked seed), gymno means naked and sperm means seed. Main plant body is sporophyte. The seed is not enclosed by fruit or ovary Neither be before fertilization nor after fertilization. The sporangium convert into seed and integument convert into seed coat. Main period of gymnosperm nearly Jurassic period, this time does not support the gymnosperm. Gymnosperm have lowest species in algae, bryophyta, pteridophyta, gymnosperm, angiosperm. They are non flowering plant.eg: conifers cycus, ginkgo etc. Characteristics * They have needle like leaves. *They found in colder areas or hilly areas but some gymnosperm found in warmer areas such as cycads and araucaria. *They are not differentiate into style ovary and stigma. *They do not produce flower. *In some plant have no female cone this type of plant called unisexual plant such as cycus. *In some plant main and fema

 Introduction Bryophytes is a multicellular, primitive and seed less plant.  Bryophytes is also non-flower plant. Bryophytes is also called amphibians of plant because habitat is terrestrial but they required water for fertilisation . They have thyroid structure but more differentiate from algae. The bryophytes consists Approx 20,000 species of the plants . Habitat - They found in moist shady place. Such as hilly areas and river banks. Structure -they have thalloid structure(prostrate and erect thallus) but more differentiate from algae. They have root like, stem like ,leaf like structure while true roots and true stems are absent.and have rhizoide (thread like structure) for water absorption. Reproduction : Asexual reproduction : by fragmentation, through the Gammae cup in liverworts and budding in protonema. Sexual reproduction:  sexual reproduction by the fusion of two gametes. They have a female sex organ (archegonium) which large and non- motile and a male sex organ (anthridium) w

        Introduction  Algae are unicellular aquatic (both fresh and marine) and seedless organism. They are chlorophyll - bearing simple thalloid organism. They occur in variety of other habitats:moist stones,soils and wood. Some algae also occur in association with fungi(lichen) .   Algae are photosynthetic organisms that mean they  use sunlight and chlorophyll for make food. More than 50% photosynthesis  only algae. Single celled algae called phytoplankton are a main source of food for fish . Certain varieties such as cyanobacteria produce toxins that can harmful for fish and other organism.               Reproduction 1)Vegetation: Vegetative reproduction by fragmentation. each fragment develop into a thallus. 2) asexual reproduction: Asexual reproduction is by the production of different type of spors,The most common being the zoospores. They are flagellated motile and on germination give rise to new plant. 3) sexual reproduction Sexual reproduction takes place   through fusion of t

  Introduction biological classification is the process in which arrangement of all the organisms in a hierarchial series of groups and sub-groups on the basis of similarities and dissimilarities of organism.        Why classification of organism important Classification of organism important because It makes the study of different kind of organism much easier. -It gives us the information regarding diversity of plants and animals. -It help to understand the evolution of the organism. -The classification of organisms is known as taxonomy. The modern taxonomy developed by Swedish botanist ,Carolus Linnaeus.   Kingdom Kingdam is highest level of classification.which is divided into sub-groups at various levels. There are five kingdom classification which namely classify Monera, protista , fungi, animalia, plantae Aristotle Aristotle was the first scientist to classify the organism.he used the simple morphological character to classify the animals into two groups. 1) with red blood (enaim

 Introduction of biology Biology is the study of life or living organism . It is the story of life on the earth. Historically biological knowledge was ancillary knowledge of the human body and its function. The origin and growth of biodiversity the evolution of flora and fauna of different habitats etc. The subject matter Got artificially divide into the sub-disciplines of botany and zoology and later into ever microbiology . Meanwhile, physical science made heavy inroads into biology and established biochemistry and biophysics as new sub-disciplines of biology. Mendel,s work and its rediscovery in the early 20th century led to the promotion of the study of genetics. the discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA and the disappearance of the three-dimensional structure of many macromolecules led to the establishment of phenomenal growth in the dominating area of molecular biology. At first, life comes in the water. Father of biology- Aristotle 13 branches of biology Biolo